What Is a Mammogram?
A mammogram is a low-dose X-ray of breast tissue. It is an essential screening tool, sometimes detecting signs of cancer up to three years before a tumor can be felt. A patient having a mammogram stands in front of a special X-ray machine. A technologist carefully positions the patient’s breasts on a plastic support plate. Another plate called a paddle is used to firmly press the breast from above, flattening it. Patients must remain still while the X-ray is being taken. Each compression lasts only 20 to 30 seconds.
Although necessary, the compression portion of the mammogram can be uncomfortable for some patients. Compressing and successfully flattening the breast provides a clearer view of the breast and reduces the amount of radiation needed to obtain an image.
The steps of the mammogram procedure are repeated to obtain a side view of the breast. The same approach is then repeated to obtain images of the other breast. A radiologist then will examine the mammogram X-rays, checking for any abnormalities that might indicate early signs of breast cancer or other concerns.
Why Mammograms and Early Detection Are Crucial
After skin cancer, breast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed in females. Cancer in the breast represents 14 percent of all new cancer diagnoses in the United States. While breast cancer treatments continue to advance and improve, early diagnosis through mammogram screenings remains a main contributor to reducing cancer-related deaths.
While mammograms can detect signs of breast cancer, they are not a diagnostic tool in the strictest sense of the term. Rather, they are a screening tool used to identify potential concerns that warrant further evaluation. Subsequent testing, such as examination of a tissue sample obtained from a biopsy, is required to make a definitive diagnosis of breast cancer. However, mammography is a critical first step in the process of early detection and diagnosis.
When Should Patients Get a Mammogram?
Organizations like the American Cancer Society and the American College of Radiology recommend that all women who have an average risk of developing breast cancer should begin yearly mammogram screenings at age 40. Anyone with an increased risk of developing breast cancer may be recommended to start mammograms at an earlier age.
Patients with the following risk factors should speak to their healthcare provider about the right time to start getting annual mammogram screening:
- Personal history of breast cancer
- Family history of breast or ovarian cancer
- Inherited genetic mutations, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2
- Dense breast tissue
- History of benign breast conditions, such as cysts
How to Prepare for a Mammogram
Whether a patient has never had a mammogram or has been getting one for years, knowing how to prepare is important to ensuring the procedure goes smoothly. Tips for having your mammogram include:
- Mention any recent changes in breast health or overall health to the healthcare provider before getting the mammogram.
- Schedule the mammogram at a time when breasts are least likely to be tender or swollen.
- Avoid applying deodorant, antiperspirant, powders, lotions, creams, or perfumes under the arms, or anywhere near the breasts. These substances can show up on mammogram X-rays.
Personalized Care at Regional Cancer Care Associates
More than three million breast cancer survivors are living in the United States. Regional Cancer Care Associates aims to ensure that eve n more patients survive breast cancer by delivering exceptional treatments and cancer care support to all who walk through its doors. The medical oncologists of RCCA have the knowledge, experience, commitment, and compassion needed to provide patients with personalized care. They employ the most advanced treatment methods in state-of-the-art facilities, serving patients at more than 20 locations throughout New Jersey, Connecticut, Maryland, and the Washington, D.C., area. For more information about mammograms, or to learn more about oncology services, contact Regional Cancer Care Associates today or request an appointment.